October 22, 2019

Science, friend or foe? Hero or villain?

The data collected for the Wellcome Global Monitor, 2018, specifically the "Dataset and crosstabs for all countries" (linked on the Wellcome page), is a gold mine for looking at attitudes regarding science, medicine, and some associated questions internationally. I wanted to make a snapshot of how science was viewed, country-by country. The Wellcome survey had two direct questions on this topic: "In general, do you think the work that scientists do benefits people like you in this country?" and "In general, do you think the work that scientists do benefits most, some, or very few people in this country?" Basically, they boil down to "Is science your friend?" and "Is science a hero?" Okay, not "hero", but let's look at it that way for the moment. A "hero" would do something that, in the end, would benefit everyone, while a "villain" only cares about his own elite, screw everyone else. Overly simplistic, but dramatic. How could I calculate this? The first question was straightforward: Subtract the percent answering "No" from that answering "Yes". Ignored "don't know". That provides the net evaluation for the country. The second had "Most", "Some", and "Very Few", in addition to "don't know". I ignored "Some" and "don't know" as "indecision". I could have lumped "Some" into either "Very Few" or "Most", but I had not basis to do either. So, I subtracted "Very Few" from "Most". I then used the resulting numbers to create the following choropleth maps:

Is science good for me?
Is science good for everyone?

As you can see, in most countries, the survey participants tended to see science as something they personally benefit from. What is interesting is that, in nearly all countries, respondents were less certain that science was of overall benefit to other people. This is most dramatic in Latin America and Africa, where there is almost a consensus that, even if science is of personal benefit, those benefits do not extend to most people. What is interesting is that a regression of attitudes regarding science on a personal vs. social level estimates a slope of 0.806 with an R2 of 0.771, which suggests that the two attitudes reflect each other across countries, even if one might be net "positive" and the other net "negative".

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